The Concordium is composed of over sixty sentient species occupying over two hundred settled worlds, and controls a sphere of influence only slightly smaller than the Federation.
The ISC believes in peace at any costs, and will not hesitate to interfere or intervene in even the most trivial conflict. The ISC's prime belief is that "a peaceful, harmonious and well-ordered universe is the right of all sentient species. Civilizations collapse when that right is violated, therefore it must be protected at all costs."
The ISC is a democracy governed by a council of five central members, although some argue it's really a dictatorial oligarchy. There is no central ISC constitution, a loose "Declaration of Ideals" is the guiding principle of the Concordium; and as long as the two-thirds majority believes that an action supports the Declaration, their decision will not be challenged. There is no judicial branch to provide a "check and balance" on the legislature, and the idea of "tyranny of the majority" is an alien concept to most ISC member cultures.
Recently, the Organians returned, and asked the ISC for assistance in bringing order to the major civilizations of the alpha quadrant. As a result, the ISC moved the bulk of their military forces into the quadrant and began a peacekeeping operation to restore peace and harmony. All of the quadrant's native empires resisted the ISC effort, and as a result, a new war erupted.
The ISC came into the Pacification campaign expecting an easy victory, in the belief that their moral supremacy would quickly translate into a military victory. In the early years of the War of Pacification, this proved to be a complete, and bloody, lie.
The typical ISC starship is very capable. Most of their designs did not appear until after their enemies had fielded their fleets. It seems the ISC are not above spying on and stealing ideas from the 'lesser' races. In addition the PPD gives their large ships a strong punch at long range.